What actually drives the decision to look offshore
A seed-stage New York company can typically fund either two local senior engineers or an entire product build elsewhere. That is not a marginal difference, and for a company that needs a working product before the next raise it usually decides the question by itself.
What has changed is what buyers will accept in exchange. The tolerance for a genuinely offshore relationship — overnight round trips, a project manager relaying questions, code arriving as a zip file — has largely gone. The expectation now is direct access to the engineers and visible progress, and a partner who cannot offer that competes only on price.
New York buyers also tend to have been through this before, either themselves or through someone in their network. The questions are correspondingly specific: who owns the IP, where does the code live, what happens if the engagement ends mid-build. Those questions have good answers or they do not, and evasiveness is fatal.
What rarely gets said out loud is that the founder is often the entire product function as well as the buyer. There is no product manager translating a vision into tickets, so a build partner has to be able to take an ambiguous goal and come back with a concrete proposal rather than a list of clarifying questions.